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This genus includes three species. Rymoviruses are presumably transmitted by host-adapted populations of eriophyid mite species in a semi-persistent manner. Rymoviruses share a reciprocal monophyletic relationship with members of the genus Potyvirus (French and Stenger 2005).
Virions are flexuous filaments 690–720 nm×11–15 nm in size.
Virion density in CsCl is 1.325 g cm-3 (for ryegrass mosaic virus (RGMV)). Virion Sedimentation coefficient S20,w is 165–166S for most members.
Virions contain a single molecule of linear positive-sense ssRNA of about 9.5 kb with a 3′-poly(A) terminus.
Rymoviruses encode one type of coat (capsid) protein (CP), with a theoretical Mr of 35,482 Da and an apparent Mr estimated by Western blots of 45 kDa for RGMV.
The complete genome sequences available for isolates of RGMV, Agropyron mosaic virus (AgMV), and Hordeum mosaic virus (HoMV) indicate that rymoviruses have a genome organization and replication strategy similar to other members of the Potyviridae with monopartite genomes (Figure 2.Potyviridae).
Particles of most rymoviruses are moderately immunogenic. HoMV and AgMV are serologically related.
Most rymoviruses have limited but widespread host ranges within the family Gramineae but some have relatively narrow host ranges.
Transmission by eriophyid mites and mechanical transmission have been reported for most members. The eriophyid mites transmitting rymoviruses are different from those transmitting tritimoviruses. The cereal rust mite Abacarus hystrix transmits both RGMV and AgMV, but only the former is efficiently transmitted. No vector is known for HoMV. Recent studies have revealed that host-associated populations of A. hystrix represent a species complex.
See discussion under family description.
Exemplar isolate of the speciesSpeciesVirus nameIsolateAccession numberRefSeq numberAvailable sequenceVirus Abbrev.Agropyron mosaic virusAgropyron mosaic virusND402AY623626NC_005903Complete genomeAgMVHordeum mosaic virusHordeum mosaic virusATCC PV81AY623627NC_005904Complete genomeHoMVRyegrass mosaic virusryegrass mosaic virusDanishY09854NC_001814Complete genomeRGMV
Rymovirus: from ryegrass mosaic virus, a member of the type species Ryegrass mosaic virus.