Distinguishing features
Orthobunyaviruses have a wide geographic and host range, although individual viruses may be restricted to a small number of host species. Viruses in the genus form a monophyletic clade upon comparison of L protein amino acid sequences, and encode an NSm, and often an NSs protein. Segment reassortment is well-described among related strains and has been associated with disease emergence.
Virion
Morphology
Orthobunyavirions are spherical or pleomorphic in shape and 80−120 nm in diameter (Martin et al., 1985). The enveloped surface (about 5 nm thick) has projections of glycoprotein heterodimers (Gn and Gc) about 18 nm long with an estimated 650 copies per virion (Talmon et al., 1987). The surface is a closely packed lattice of glycoprotein Gn-Gc spikes organized in a tripod-like order (Bowden et al., 2013). Structural analysis has revealed that the N-terminal variable half of the Gc glycoprotein is composed of two domains: a 27 kDa α-helical head domain and a stalk that is divided into two identically folded 19 kDa tandem β-sandwiches (Hellert et al., 2019). The projecting spike is also the major target of the neutralizing antibody response (Hellert et al., 2019).
Nucleic acid
Orthobunyaviruses have the peribunyavirus-typical tripartite, negative-sense genome organization. The terminal nucleotides of each segment (S, M, and L) occur in a canonical, conserved sequence (in coding sense) 5′-AGTAGTGT…ACACTACT-3′. As with other peribunyaviruses, genomic vRNAs are not polyadenylated nor are they modified at the 5′-end. Viral mRNAs are not polyadenylated, are truncated relative to the vRNA (Abraham and Pattnaik 1983, Eshita et al., 1985). mRNAs possess a 5′-methylated cap derived from host mRNA via “cap snatching”, which is mediated by the endonuclease function of the L protein (Reguera et al., 2010).
Proteins
Like other peribunyaviruses, all orthobunyavirions contain of four structural proteins: Gn, Gc, nucleocapsid (N), and RNA-directed RNA polymerase/endonuclease protein (L) (Figure 1.Peribunyaviridae, Figure 2.Peribunyaviridae; Table 2.Peribunyaviridae). Non-structural proteins (NSs and NSm) are encoded in the S and the M segments of some orthobunyaviruses (Figure 1.Orthobunyavirus; Table 2.Peribunyaviridae).
Lipids
Orthobunyavirion lipids are derived from the host membranes where viruses mature, and include phospholipids, sterols, fatty acids, and glycolipids. Virions contain 20–30% lipids by weight (Bishop et al., 1980).
Carbohydrates
Orthobunyavirions may contain asparagine-linked mannose sugars on the Gn and Gc proteins when grown in vertebrate cells. Carbohydrates make up 7% of the virion weight (Bishop et al., 1980).
Genome organization and replication
The S segment encodes N, and may encode the non-structural protein NSs in an overlapping ORF downstream (Fuller et al., 1983) or upstream of the N protein initiation codon (Aguilar et al., 2018) (Figure 1.Orthobunyavirus). However, not all orthobunyaviruses encode NSs (de Melo et al., 2018, Mohamed et al., 2009). The M segment encodes Gn and Gc proteins (Fazakerley et al., 1988) (Figure 1.Orthobunyavirus), that are co-translationally cleaved by host signalase (Fazakerley and Ross 1989) and signal peptide peptidase (Shi et al., 2016). Orthobunyaviruses also encode an NSm protein between the Gn and Gc coding regions (Figure 1.Orthobunyavirus). The L segment encodes for the L protein (Figure 1.Orthobunyavirus).
![]() |
Figure 1.Orthobunyavirus. Orthobunyavirus coding strategy. vcRNAs are depicted in 3'→5' direction and mRNAs are depicted in a 5'→3' direction. The mRNAs depict ORFs that encode the N, nucleocapsid protein; Gn and Gc, external glycoproteins; L, large protein, as well as the non-structural proteins NSs and NSm. |
Replication, morphogenesis, assembly, and budding are similar to that of all described peribunyaviruses (see ‘Genome organisation and replication’ on the family page).
Biology
The genus Orthobunyavirus is the largest and most diverse in the family including 88 species, members of which occur globally in tropical, temperate and arctic ecological niches. Although a wide range of arthropod and vertebrate hosts are described for viruses of the genus, each virus posseses a restricted arthropod and host range (Beaty and Calisher 1991), which in turn limits its geographic distribution (Calisher 1996). However, some viruses share common hosts and overlapping geographies. Orthobunyaviruses have been isolated from many different vertebrate hosts including squirrels (La Crosse virus), bats (Mojuí dos Campos virus), rabbits (snowshoe hare virus), ungulates (Akabane virus), sloths (Oropouche virus), and birds (Mermet virus). Most orthobunyaviruses are transmitted by mosquitoes. However, biting midges, bed bugs, and wingless bat flies are also known vectors. Some strains are known to be maintained in the arthropod host through transovarial transmission (Watts et al., 1974). Orthobunyaviruses are associated with a broad spectrum of human disease, including encephalitides (e.g., La Crosse virus), febrile illnesses (e.g., Bunyamwera virus), and viral haemorrhagic fever (e.g., Ngari virus Garissa variant). Adverse veterinary outcomes include fetal abnormalities and abortion storms among livestock (e.g., Cache Valley and Schmallenberg viruses). Coinfection with more than one orthobunyavirus resulting in the reassortment of genomic segments has been reported in both laboratory and natural settings (Cheng et al., 1999, Nunes et al., 2005, Yanase et al., 2012, Beaty et al., 1981, Bishop and Beaty 1988, Borucki et al., 1999, Briese et al., 2007, Beaty et al., 1985). Mosquitoes are reservoirs for the reassortment of genomic segments between heterotypic orthobunyaviruses of shared serological character (Beaty et al., 1981, Borucki et al., 1999, Beaty et al., 1985). In addition, orthobunyavirus segment reassortment has been associated with outbreaks of human disease (Briese et al., 2006, Gerrard et al., 2004).
Antigenicity
The Gn and Gc proteins are responsible for eliciting hemagglutination-inhibiting and neutralizing antibodies (Kingsford et al., 1983). Complement-fixing antibodies are elicited by the nucleocapsid protein. Orthobunyaviruses can be placed into one of at least 18 serogroups, or remain ungrouped, by the use of hemagglutination-inhibition, neutralization and complement fixation assays (Calisher 1996).
Derivation of names
Orthobunyavirus is derived from Bunyamwera village (Uganda, Africa) where the type virus of the genus, Bunyamwera virus, was first isolated.
Species demarcation criteria
Members of different species within the genus Orthobunyavirus are less than 96% identical in the complete amino acid sequences of their L proteins.
The species Acara orthobunyavirus, Anopheles B orthobunyavirus, Bakau orthobunyavirus, Batama orthobunyavirus, Bertioga orthobunyavirus, Minatitlan orthobunyavirus, M’Poko orthobunyavirus, Olifantsvlei orthobunyavirus, Tete orthobunyavirus, Turlock orthobunyavirus were established according to previous demarcation criteria; it is unknown if they would qualify as species based on virus genome comparisons.
Member species
Species | Virus name | Isolate | Accession number | RefSeq number | Available sequence | Virus Abbrev. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acara orthobunyavirus | Acará virus | No entry in Genbank | ACAV | ||||
Acara orthobunyavirus | Moriche virus | No entry in Genbank | MORV | ||||
Aino orthobunyavirus | Aino virus | 38K | L: HE795087; M: HE795088 ; S: HE795089 | L: NC_018465; M: NC_018459; S: NC_018460 | Complete genome | AINOV | |
Akabane orthobunyavirus | Akabane virus | OBE-1 | L: AB190458; M: AB100604; S: AB000851 | L: NC_009894; M: NC_009895; S: NC_009896 | Complete genome | AKAV | |
Akabane orthobunyavirus | Tinaroo virus | CSIRO 153 | L: MH484339; M: MH484340; S: MH484341 | Complete genome | TINV | ||
Akabane orthobunyavirus | Yaba-7 virus | Yaba 7 | L: MH484348; M: MH484349; S: MH484350 | Complete genome | Y7V | ||
Alajuela orthobunyavirus | Alajuela virus | MARU 11079 | L: KM272186; M: KM272187; S: KM272188 | L: NC_038717; M: NC_038715; S: NC_038716 | Complete genome | ALJV | |
Alajuela orthobunyavirus | San Juan virus | No entry in Genbank | SJV | ||||
Anadyr orthobunyavirus | Anadyr viurs | LEIV-13395Mg | L: KU159766; M: KU159765; S: KU159764 | Complete genome | ANADV | ||
Anhembi orthobunyavirus | Anhembi virus | SPAr2984 | L: JN572062; M: JN572063; S: JN572064 | L: NC_043564; M: NC_043565; S: NC_043566 | Complete genome | AMBV | |
Anopheles A orthobunyavirus | Lukuni virus | TRVL 10076 | L: KP792672; M: KP792671; S: KP792670 | L: NC_038720; M: NC_038718; S: NC_038719 | Complete genome | LUKV | |
Anopheles A orthobunyavirus | Anopheles A virus | original | L: KY793537; M: KY793538; S: KY793539 | Complete genome | ANAV | ||
Anopheles A orthobunyavirus | Arumateua virus | No entry in Genbank | ARTV; ARMTV | ||||
Anopheles A orthobunyavirus | Caraipé virus | No entry in Genbank | CPEV; CRPV | ||||
Anopheles A orthobunyavirus | Las Maloyas virus | No entry in Genbank | LMV | ||||
Anopheles A orthobunyavirus | Trombetas virus | No entry in Genbank | TRMV; TUCRV | ||||
Anopheles A orthobunyavirus | Tucuruí virus | No entry in Genbank | TUCV | ||||
Anopheles B orthobunyavirus | Anopheles B virus | S: FJ660417 | S: NC_038721 | Partial genome | ANBV | ||
Anopheles B orthobunyavirus | Boracéia virus | No entry in Genbank | BORV | ||||
Bakau orthobunyavirus | Bakau virus | No entry in Genbank | BAKV | ||||
Bakau orthobunyavirus | Ketapang virus | No entry in Genbank | KETV | ||||
Bakau orthobunyavirus | Nola virus | ArB2882 | S: AM711134 | Partial genome | NOLAV | ||
Bakau orthobunyavirus | Tanjong Rabok virus | No entry in Genbank | TRV | ||||
Bakau orthobunyavirus | Telok Forest virus | No entry in Genbank | TFV | ||||
Batai orthobunyavirus | Batai virus | MS50 | L: JX846606; M: JX846605; S: JX846604 | L: NC_043580; M: NC_043579; S: NC_043581 | Complete genome | BATV | |
Batama orthobunyavirus | Batama virus | AnB1292 | S: FJ660420 | S: NC_038722 | Partial genome | BMAV | |
Bellavista orthobunyavirus | Bellavista virus | PRD0552 | L: KX161718; M: KX161719; S: KX161720 | L: NC_043621; M: NC_043623; S: NC_043622 | Complete genome | BELLV | |
Benevides orthobunyavirus | Benevides virus | No entry in Genbank | BVSV; BENV | ||||
Bertioga orthobunyavirus | Bertioga virus | No entry in Genbank | BERV | ||||
Bertioga orthobunyavirus | Cananéia virus | No entry in Genbank | CNAV | ||||
Bertioga orthobunyavirus | Guaratuba virus | No entry in Genbank | GTBV | ||||
Bertioga orthobunyavirus | Itimirim virus | No entry in Genbank | ITIV | ||||
Bertioga orthobunyavirus | Mirim virus | BEAN7722 | L: KY013487; M: KY013488; S: KY013489 | Complete genome | MIRV | ||
Bimiti orthobunyavirus | bimiti virus | TRVL 8362 | L: KP792657; M: KP792656; S: KP792655 | L: NC_038724; M: NC_038723; S: NC_038725 | Complete genome | BIMV | |
Birao orthobunyavirus | Birao virus | DakArB 2198 | L: MH370821; M: MH370822; S: MH370823 | L: NC_043651; M: NC_043652; S: NC_043650 | Complete genome | BIRV | |
Botambi orthobunyavirus | Botambi virus | No entry in Genbank | BOTV | ||||
Bozo orthobunyavirus | Bozo virus | DakArB 7343 | L: MH370824; M: MH370825; S: MH370826 | L: NC_043655; M: NC_043653; S: NC_043654 | Complete genome | BOZOV | |
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus | Bunyamwera virus | L: X14383; M: M11852; S: D00353 | L: NC_001925; M: NC_001926; S: NC_001927 | Complete genome | BUNV | ||
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus | Germiston virus | M: M21951; S: M19420 | Partial genome | GERV | |||
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus | Lokern virus | FMS 4332 | L: MG828823; M: MG820264; S: MG696865 | Complete genome | LOKV | ||
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus | Mboké virus | DakArY357/6e | L: AY593726; M: AY593731; S: AY593727 | Partial genome | MBOV | ||
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus | Ngari virus | Dakar D28542/4e | L: KC608152; M: KC608153; S: KC608154 | Complete genome | NRIV | ||
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus | Northway virus | 234 | L: MH484312; M: MH102378; S: MH015350 | Complete genome | NORV | ||
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus | Santa Rosa virus | M2-1493 | L: MH484324; M: MH484325; S: MH484326 | Complete genome | SARV | ||
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus | Shokwe virus | SAAr 4042 | L: MH484330; M: MH484331; S: MH484332 | Complete genome | SHOV | ||
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus | Stanfield virus | No entry in Genbank | STAV | ||||
Bunyamwera orthobunyavirus | Xingu virus | No entry in Genbank | XINV | ||||
Bushbush orthobunyavirus | Bushbush virus | No entry in Genbank | BSBV | ||||
Bushbush orthobunyavirus | Benfica virus | No entry in Genbank | BENV, BNFV | ||||
Bushbush orthobunyavirus | Juan Díaz virus | No entry in Genbank | JDV | ||||
Buttonwillow orthobunyavirus | Buttonwillow virus | BFS 5002 | L: KF697160; M: KF697161; S: KF697162 | L: NC_043597; M: NC_043599; S: NC_043598 | Complete genome | BUTV | |
Bwamba orthobunyavirus | Bwamba virus | M459 | L: KJ867184; M: KJ867183; S: KJ867182 | L: NC_034479; M: NC_034490; S: NC_034480 | Complete genome | BWAV | |
Bwamba orthobunyavirus | Pongola virus | SA Ar1 | L: KJ867178; M: KJ867177; S: EU564828 | Complete genome | PGAV | ||
Cache Valley orthobunyavirus | Cache Valley virus | 6V633 | L: KX100135; M: KX100134; S: KX100133 | L: NC_043618; M: NC_043619; S: NC_043620 | Complete genome | CVV | |
Cache Valley orthobunyavirus | Cholul virus | Mex07 | L: JN808311; M: JN808310; S: EU879062 | Partial genome | CHLV | ||
Cache Valley orthobunyavirus | Tlacotalpan virus | 61D240 | L: KX100120; M: KX100119; S: KX100118 | Complete genome | TALV | ||
Cachoeira Porteira orthobunyavirus | Cachoeira Porteira virus | BeAr328208 | L: JN968590; M: JN968591; S: JN968592 | L: NC_043575; M: NC_043573; S: NC_043574 | Complete genome | CPOV | |
California encephalitis orthobunyavirus | California encephalitis virus | BFS 283 | L: KX817312; M: KX817313; S: KX817314 | Complete genome | CEV | ||
California encephalitis orthobunyavirus | Morro Bay virus | DAV-457 | S: U31989 | Partial genome | MBV | ||
Capim orthobunyavirus | Capim virus | BeAn8582 | L: KT160026; M: KT160027; S: KT160028 | L: NC_034482; M: NC_034493; S: NC_034483 | Complete genome | CAPV | |
Caraparu orthobunyavirus | Caraparú virus | BeAn3994 | L: KF254776; M: KF254777; S: KF254778 | L: NC_034489; M: NC_034477; S: NC_034478 | Complete genome | CARV | |
Caraparu orthobunyavirus | Apeú virus | BeAn848 | L: MG029269; M: MG029270; S: MG029271 | Complete genome | APEUV | ||
Caraparu orthobunyavirus | Bruconha virus | 77V74814 | L: KM280929; M: KM280924; S: KM280937 | Complete genome | BRUV | ||
Caraparu orthobunyavirus | El Huayo virus | IQT110 | L: KT334540 | Partial genome | EHUV | ||
Caraparu orthobunyavirus | Itaya virus | IQT9646 | L: KM092512; M: KM092513; S: KM092514 | Complete genome | ITYV | ||
Caraparu orthobunyavirus | Ossa virus | BT 1820 | S: DQ188954 | Partial genome | OSSAV | ||
Caraparu orthobunyavirus | Vinces virus | 75V-807 | S: DQ188958 | Partial genome | VINV | ||
Cat Que orthobunyavirus | Cát Quế virus | VN04-2108 | L: JQ675598; M: JQ675599; S: JQ675600 | L: NC_024076; M: NC_024074; S: NC_024075 | Complete genome | CQV | |
Cat Que orthobunyavirus | Oya virus | SC0806 | L: JX983194; M: JX983193; S: JX983192 | Complete genome | OYAV | ||
Catu orthobunyavirus | Catú virus | BeH 151 | L: KP792660; M: KP792659; S: KP792658 | L: NC_038728; M: NC_038727; S: NC_038726 | Complete genome | CATUV | |
Enseada orthobunyavirus | Enseada virus | 76V-25880 | L: KU178983; M: KU178984; S: KU178985 | L: NC_043614; M: NC_043612; S: NC_043613 | Complete genome | ENSV | |
Faceys paddock orthobunyavirus | Facey's paddock virus | Aus Ch 16129 | L: KF697138; M: KF697137; S: KF697136 | Complete genome | FPV | ||
Fort Sherman orthobunyavirus | Fort Sherman virus | 86MSP18 | L: KX100132; M: KX100131; S: KX100130 | L: NC_043617; M: NC_043615; S: NC_043616 | Complete genome | FSV | |
Fort Sherman orthobunyavirus | Laguna Larga virus | CbaAr 426 | L: KX100111; M: KX100110; S: KX100109 | Complete genome | LLV | ||
Gamboa orthobunyavirus | Gamboa virus | GML 435718 | L: KM272174; M: KM272175; S: KM272176 | L: NC_038729; M: NC_038730; S: NC_038731 | Complete genome | GAMV | |
Gamboa orthobunyavirus | Brus Laguna virus | No entry in Genbank | BLAV | ||||
Gamboa orthobunyavirus | Calchaquí virus | AG 83-1347 | L: KM272183; M: KM272184; S: KM272185 | Complete genome | CQIV | ||
Gamboa orthobunyavirus | Pueblo Viejo virus | 75V-2621 | L: KX900438; M: KX900439; S: KX900440 | Complete genome | PVV | ||
Gamboa orthobunyavirus | Soberanía virus | No entry in Genbank | SOBV | ||||
Guajara orthobunyavirus | Guajará virus | BeAn 10615 | L: KP792663; M: KP792662; S: KP792661 | L: NC_038734; M: NC_038733; S: NC_038732 | Complete genome | GJAV | |
Guama orthobunyavirus | Guamá virus | BeAn 227 | L: KP792666; M: KP792665; S: KP792664 | L: NC_038736; M: NC_038735; S: NC_038737 | Complete genome | GMAV | |
Guama orthobunyavirus | Ananindeua virus | BeAn20525 | L: MG821226; M: MG821227; S: MG821228 | Complete genome | ANUV | ||
Guama orthobunyavirus | Mahogany Hammock virus | FE4-2s | L: KP835520; M: KP835519; S: KP835518 | Complete genome | MHV | ||
Guama orthobunyavirus | Moju virus | BeAR 12590 | L: KP792675; M: KP792674; S: KP792673 | Complete genome | MOJUV | ||
Guaroa orthobunyavirus | Guaroa virus | BeH22063 | L: KM245524; M: KM245523; S: KM245522 | L: NC_034487; M: NC_034506; S: NC_034486 | Complete genome | GROV | |
Iaco orthobunyavirus | Iaco virus | BeAn314206 | L: JN572065; M: JN572066; S: JN572067 | L: NC_043568; M: NC_043567; S: NC_043569 | Complete genome | IACOV | |
Ilesha orthobunyavirus | Ilesha virus | R5964 | L: KF234075; M: KF234074; S: KF234073 | L: NC_043587; M: NC_043586; S: NC_043585 | Complete genome | ILEV | |
Ingwavuma orthobunyavirus | Ingwavuma virus | SA An 4165 | L: KF697139; M: KF697140; S: KF697141 | L: NC_043588; M: NC_043589; S: NC_043590 | Complete genome | INGV | |
Jamestown Canyon orthobunyavirus | Jamestown Canyon virus | 61V2235 | L: HM007352; M: HM007351; S: HM007350 | L: NC_043559; M: NC_043560; S: NC_043558 | Complete genome | JCV | |
Jamestown Canyon orthobunyavirus | Inkoo virus | KN3641 | L: EU789573; M: U88059; S: U47137 | Complete genome | INKV | ||
Jamestown Canyon orthobunyavirus | Jerry Slough virus | BFS 4474 | L: KX817318; M: KX817319; S: KX817320 | Complete genome | JSV | ||
Jamestown Canyon orthobunyavirus | South River virus | NJO-94F | L: KX817336; M: KX817337; S: KX817338 | Complete genome | SORV | ||
Jatobal orthobunyavirus | Jatobal virus | BeAn 423380 | L: JQ675603; M: JQ675602; S: JQ675601 | L: NC_043578; M: NC_043577; S: NC_043576 | Complete genome | JASTV | |
Kaeng Khoi orthobunyavirus | Kaeng Khoi virus | PSC-19 | L: KJ867205; M: KJ867204; S: KJ867203 | L: NC_034499; M: NC_034500; S: NC_034501 | Complete genome | KKV | |
Kairi orthobunyavirus | Kairi virus | BeAr8226 | L: KR260738; M: KR260739; S: KR260740 | L: NC_038738; M: NC_038739; S: NC_038740 | Complete genome | KRIV | |
Keystone orthobunyavirus | Keystone virus | B64-5508.05 | L: KX817321; M: KX817322; S: KX817323 | L: NC_043629; M: NC_043627; S: NC_043628 | Complete genome | KEYV | |
Koongol orthobunyavirus | koongol virus | MRM 31 | L: KP792669; M: KP792668; S: KP792667 | L: NC_038741; M: NC_038742; S: NC_038743 | Complete genome | KOOV | |
Koongol orthobunyavirus | wongal virus | No entry in Genbank | WONV | ||||
La Crosse orthobunyavirus | La Crosse virus | human/1960 | L: EF485032; M: EF485031; S: EF485030 | Complete genome | LACV | ||
Leanyer orthobunyavirus | Leanyer virus | AusN16701 | L: HM627178; M: HM627177; S: HM627176 | L: NC_043563; M: NC_043562; S: NC_043561 | Complete genome | LEAV | |
Lumbo orthbunyavirus | Lumbo virus | SAAr 1881 | L: KX817324; M: KX817325; S: KX817326 | L: NC_043632; M: NC_043630; S: NC_043631 | Complete genome | LUMV | |
Macaua orthobunyavirus | Macauã virus | BeAr306329 | L: JN572068; M: JN572069; S: JN572070 | Complete genome | MCAV | ||
Madrid orthobunyavirus | Madrid virus | BT4075 | L: KF254779; M: KF254780; S: KF254781 | L: NC_034497; M: NC_034505; S: NC_034498 | Complete genome | MADV | |
Maguari orthobunyavirus | Maguari virus; Northway virus | BeAr 7272 | L: KY910429; M: KY910430; S: KY910431 | Complete genome | MAGV | ||
Maguari orthobunyavirus | Playas virus | 75V3066 | L: KX100123; M: KX100122; S: KX100121 | Complete genome | PLAV | ||
Main Drain orthobunyavirus | Main Drain virus | 72V2567 | L: MH484306; M: MH484307; S: MH484308 | Complete genome | MDV | ||
Manzanilla orthobunyavirus | Manzanilla virus | TRVL 3586 | L: KF697150; M: KF697149 ; S: KF697148 | Complete genome | MANV | ||
Manzanilla orthobunyavirus | Inini virus | No entry in Genbank | INIV | ||||
Marituba orthobunyavirus | Marituba virus | BeAn15 | L: KF254770; M: KF254771; S: KF254772 | L: NC_034495; M: NC_034504; S: NC_034496 | Complete genome | MTBV | |
Marituba orthobunyavirus | Gumbo Limbo virus | Fe371H2 | L: KM280930; S: KM280938 | Partial genome | GLV | ||
Marituba orthobunyavirus | Murutucú virus | BeAn974 | L: MG029284; M: MG029285; S: MG029286 | Complete genome | MURV | ||
Marituba orthobunyavirus | Nepuyo virus | BeAn10709 | L: MG029287; M: MG029288; S: MG029289 | Complete genome | NEPV | ||
Marituba orthobunyavirus | Restan virus | TRVL 51144 | L: KM280932; S: KM280935 | Partial genome | RESV | ||
Marituba orthobunyavirus | Zungarococha virus | No entry in Genbank | ZUNV | ||||
Melao orthobunyavirus | Melao virus | TRVL 9375 | L: KX817327; M: KX817328; S: KX817329 | L: NC_043634; M: NC_043633; S: NC_043635 | Complete genome | MELV | |
Mermet orthobunyavirus | Mermet virus | ACV 782 | L: KF697153; M: KF697151; S: KF697152 | L: NC_043591; M: NC_043592; S: NC_043593 | Complete genome | MERV | |
Minatitlan orthobunyavirus | Minatitlán virus | No entry in Genbank | MNTV | ||||
Minatitlan orthobunyavirus | Palestina virus | No entry in Genbank | PLSV | ||||
MPoko orthobunyavirus | M’Poko virus | ArB365 | S: AM711133 | S: NC_043431 | Partial genome | MPOV | |
MPoko orthobunyavirus | Yaba-1 virus | No entry in Genbank | Y1V | ||||
Nyando orthobunyavirus | Nyando virus | MP401 | L: KJ867190; M: KJ867189; S: KJ867188 | L: NC_034492; M: NC_034491; S: NC_034481 | Complete genome | NDV | |
Nyando orthobunyavirus | Eretmapodites virus | No entry in Genbank | ERETV | ||||
Nyando orthobunyavirus | Mojuí dos Campos virus | BeAn276121 | L: KJ867202; M: KJ867201; S: KJ867200 | Complete genome | MDCV | ||
Olifantsvlei orthobunyavirus | Olifantsvlei virus | No entry in Genbank | OLIV | ||||
Olifantsvlei orthobunyavirus | Bobia virus | No entry in Genbank | BIAV | ||||
Olifantsvlei orthobunyavirus | Dabakala virus | No entry in Genbank | DABV | ||||
Olifantsvlei orthobunyavirus | Oubi virus | No entry in Genbank | OUBIV | ||||
Oriboca orthobunyavirus | Oriboca virus | BeAN17 | L: KF254773; M: KF254774; S: KF254775 | L: NC_034475; M: NC_034488; S: NC_034476 | Complete genome | ORIV | |
Oriboca orthobunyavirus | Itaquí virus | No entry in Genbank | ITQV | ||||
Oropouche orthobunyavirus | Oropouche virus | L: AF484424; M: AF441119; S: AY237111 | L: NC_005776; M: NC_005775; S: NC_005777 | Complete genome | OROV | ||
Oropouche orthobunyavirus | Iquitos virus | IQT9924 | L: KF697142; M: KF697143; S: KF697144 | Complete genome | IQTV | ||
Oropouche orthobunyavirus | Madre de Dios virus | FMD 1303 | L: KF697147; M: KF697145; S: KF697146 | Complete genome | MDDV | ||
Oropouche orthobunyavirus | Perdões virus | BeAn790177 | L: KP691627; M: KP691628; S: KP691629 | Complete genome | PDEV | ||
Oropouche orthobunyavirus | Pintupo virus | No entry in Genbank | PINTV | ||||
Patois orthobunyavirus | Patois virus | 63A49 | L: MH017277; M: MH017283; S: MH017273 | L: NC_043690; M: NC_043691; S: NC_043689 | Complete genome | PATV | |
Patois orthobunyavirus | Abras virus | 75V1183 | L: MH017275; M: MH017281; S: MH017269 | Complete genome | ABRV | ||
Patois orthobunyavirus | Babahoya virus | 75V2858 | L: MH017276; M: MH017282; S: MH017270 | Complete genome | BABV | ||
Patois orthobunyavirus | Pahayokee virus | No entry in Genbank | PAHV | ||||
Patois orthobunyavirus | Shark River virus | 64U80 | L: MH017278; M: MH017284; S: MH017271 | Complete genome | SRV | ||
Peaton orthobunyavirus | Peaton virus | CSIRO 110 | L: HE795093; M: HE795094; S: HE795095 | L: NC_043550; M: NC_043551; S: NC_043549 | Complete genome | PEAV | |
Potosi orthobunyavirus | Potosi virus | IL94-1899 | L: MF066368; M: MF066369; S: MF066370 | L: NC_043646; M: NC_043645; S: NC_043647 | Complete genome | POTV | |
Sabo orthobunyavirus | Sabo virus | IB AN 9398 | L: HE795096; M: HE795097; S: HE795098 | L: NC_043553; M: NC_043552; S: NC_043554 | Complete genome | SABOV | |
San Angelo orthobunyavirus | San Angelo virus | 20230 | L: KX817330; M: KX817331; S: KX817332 | L: NC_043637; M: NC_043638; S: NC_043636 | Complete genome | SAV | |
Sango orthobunyavirus | Sango virus | An 5077 | L: HE795099; M: HE795100; S: HE795101 | L: NC_043556; M: NC_043555; S: NC_043557 | Complete genome | SANV | |
Schmallenberg orthobunyavirus | Schmallenberg virus | F6 | L: KC355457; M: KC355458; S: KC355459 | L: NC_043583; M: NC_043584; S: NC_043582 | Complete genome | SBV | |
Schmallenberg orthobunyavirus | Douglas virus | 93-6 | L: HE795090; M: HE795091; S: HE795092 | Complete genome | DOUV | ||
Schmallenberg orthobunyavirus | Sathuperi virus | L: HE795102; M: HE795103; S: HE795104 | Complete genome | SATV | |||
Schmallenberg orthobunyavirus | Shamonda virus | Ib An 5550 | L: HE795105; M: HE795106; S: HE795107 | Complete genome | SHAV | ||
Serra do Navio orthobunyavirus | Serra do Navio virus | BeAr 103645 | L: KX817333; M: KX817334; S: KX817335 | L: NC_043641; M: NC_043639; S: NC_043640 | Complete genome | SDNV | |
Shuni orthobunyavirus | Shuni virus | SAE1809 | L: KF153118; M: KF153117 ; S: KC510272 | L: NC_043699; M: NC_043697; S: NC_043698 | Complete genome | SHUV | |
Shuni orthobunyavirus | Kaikalur virus | VRC 713423-2 | L: MH484297; M: MH484298; S: MH484299 | Complete genome | KAIV | ||
Simbu orthobunyavirus | Simbu virus | SA Ar 53 | L: HE795108; M: HE795109; S: HE795110 | L: NC_018476; M: NC_018478; S: NC_018477 | Complete genome | SIMV | |
Simbu orthobunyavirus | Para virus | No entry in Genbank | PARAV | ||||
Snowshoe hare orthobunyavirus | snowshoe hare virus | L: EU203678; M: EU262553; S: EU294510 | Complete genome | SSHV | |||
Snowshoe hare orthobunyavirus | Khatanga virus; Chatanga virus | LEIV-18733 | L: HQ734817; M: HQ734821; S: HQ734824 | Complete genome | KHATV | ||
Sororoca orthobunyavirus | Sororoca virus | BeAr32149 | L: JN572071; M: JN572072; S: JN572073 | L: NC_043570; M: NC_043571; S: NC_043572 | Complete genome | SORV | |
Tacaiuma orthobunyavirus | Tacaiuma virus | BeAn73 | L: MF497778; M: MF497776; S: MF497775 | L: NC_043692; M: NC_043694; S: NC_043693 | Complete genome | TCMV | |
Tacaiuma orthobunyavirus | CoAr 1071 virus | No entry in Genbank | CA1071V | ||||
Tacaiuma orthobunyavirus | CoAr 3627 virus | No entry in Genbank | CA3626V | ||||
Tacaiuma orthobunyavirus | Virgin River virus | No entry in Genbank | VRV | ||||
Tahyna orthobunyavirus | Ťahyňa virus | XJ0625 | L: EU665255; M: EU622819; S: EU622820 | Complete genome | TAHV | ||
Tataguine orthobunyavirus | Tataguine virus | H9963 | L: KP792678; M: KP792677; S: KP792676 | L: NC_043607; M: NC_043608; S: NC_043606 | Complete genome | TATV | |
Tensaw orthobunyavirus | Tensaw virus | TSV-FE3-66FB | L: FJ943510; M: FJ943508; S: FJ943505 | L: NC_043546; M: NC_043548; S: NC_043547 | Complete genome | TENV | |
Tete orthobunyavirus | Tete virus | SAAn 3518 | L: KP792681; M: KP792680; S: KP792679 | L: NC_039184; M: NC_039183; S: NC_039185 | Complete genome | TETEV | |
Tete orthobunyavirus | Bahig virus | EgB 90 | L: KP792654; M: KP792653; S: KP792652 | Complete genome | BAHV | ||
Tete orthobunyavirus | Matruh virus | An 1047-61 | L: KP792693; M: KP792692; S: KP792691 | Complete genome | MTRV | ||
Tete orthobunyavirus | Tsuruse virus | No entry in Genbank | TSUV | ||||
Tete orthobunyavirus | Weldona virus | 76V-21935 | M: EU409297 | Partial genome | WELV | ||
Thimiri orthobunyavirus | Thimiri virus | VRC 66414 | L: MH484336; M: MH484337; S: MH484338 | Complete genome | THIV | ||
Timboteua orthobunyavirus | Timboteua virus | No entry in Genbank | TBTV | ||||
Trivittatus orthobunyavirus | trivittatus virus | Eklund | L: KR149249; M: KR149248; S: KR149247 | Complete genome | TVTV | ||
Trivittatus orthobunyavirus | Achiote virus | PanAR395145 | L: KY555808; M: KY555809; S: KY555810 | Complete genome | ACHOV | ||
Trivittatus orthobunyavirus | infirmatus virus | Tampa 08 | L: KY569262; M: KY569263; S: KY569264 | Complete genome | INFV | ||
Turlock orthobunyavirus | Umbre virus | IG1424 | L: KP792687; M: KP792686; S: KP792685 | L: NC_043037; M: NC_043036; S: NC_043035 | Complete genome | UMBV | |
Turlock orthobunyavirus | Lednice virus | No entry in Genbank | LEDV | ||||
Turlock orthobunyavirus | Turlock virus | No entry in Genbank | TURV | ||||
Utinga orthobunyavirus | Utinga virus | Be An 84785 | L: KF697154; M: KF697155; S: KF697156 | L: NC_043594; M: NC_043595; S: NC_043596 | Complete genome | UTIV | |
Utinga orthobunyavirus | Utive virus | Pan An 48878 | L: KF697157; M: KF697159; S: KF697158 | Complete genome | UTEV | ||
Witwatersrand orthobunyavirus | Witwatersrand virus | SAAr 1062 | L: KP792690; M: KP792689; S: KP792688 | L: NC_043674; M: NC_043675; S: NC_043673 | Complete genome | WITV | |
Wolkberg orthobunyavirus | Wolkberg virus | 2562_SA3 | L: KX470551; M: KX470552; S: KX470553 | L: NC_034633; M: NC_034631; S: NC_034632 | Complete genome | WBV | |
Wyeomyia orthobunyavirus | Wyeomyia virus | original | L: JN572080; M: JN572081; S: JN572082 | L: NC_039186; M: NC_039187; S: NC_039188 | Complete genome | WYOV | |
Wyeomyia orthobunyavirus | Taiassui virus | BeAr671 | L: JN572074; M: JN572075; S: JN572076 | Complete genome | TAIAV | ||
Wyeomyia orthobunyavirus | Tucunduba virus | BeAR701402 | L: KX579499; M: KX579500; S: KX579501 | Complete genome | TUCV | ||
Zegla orthobunyavirus | Zegla virus | BT5012 | L: MH017279; M: MH017285; S: MH017272 | L: NC_043687; M: NC_043688; S: NC_043686 | Complete genome | ZEGV |
Virus names, the choice of exemplar isolates, and virus abbreviations, are not official ICTV designations.
Related, unclassified viruses
Virus name |
Accession number |
Virus Abbreviation |
Reference |
Antequera virus |
ANTV |
||
Baakal virus |
BKAV |
||
Barranqueras virus |
NA |
BQSV |
|
Balagodu virus |
BLGV |
||
Belem virus |
BLMV |
||
Belmont virus |
BELV |
||
Bobaya virus |
BOBV |
||
Brazoran virus |
BRAZV |
||
Buffalo Creek virus |
BUCV |
||
Gan Gan virus, Salt Ash virus |
GGV |
||
Kedah fatal kidney syndrome virus |
KFKSV |
||
Kowanyama virus |
KOWV |
||
Little Sussex virus |
L: KT720483 |
LTLSV |
|
Mapputta virus |
MAPV |
||
Maprik virus |
MPKV |
||
Ness Ziona virus |
NZV |
||
Ntwetwe virus |
NTWV |
||
Nyangole virus |
NYGV |
||
Okola virus |
OKOV |
||
Oyo virus |
OYOV |
||
Pacora virus |
PCAV |
||
Parker's Farm virus |
L: KT720484 |
PFV |
|
Resistencia virus |
RTAV |
||
Sedlec virus |
SEDV |
||
Tanga virus |
TANV |
||
Termeil virus |
TERV |
||
Triniti virus |
TNTV |
||
Trubanaman virus, Murrumbidgee virus |
TRUV |
||
Wǔhàn louse fly virus 1 |
WLFV |
||
Yacaaba virus |
YACV |