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Introduction
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Introduction
Introduction to the ICTV Online Report Abbreviations
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    • -Introduction
      • Acknowledgments
      • Abbreviations
      • Editors
      • History of the ICTV Reports
      • Virus Properties
      • +Virus Diagrams

    Abbreviations

    In addition to universally accepted abbreviations such as DNA and RNA, it is common practice to use abbreviations for virological and technical words in virology. In the Report, we have adopted commonly used abbreviations (e.g. CP for capsid protein and NC for nucleocapsid). These have been approved by the Executive Committee of ICTV for use in the ICTV Report but have no official status. The abbreviations will be used without definition throughout the book, except in a few instances where Study Group conventions (e.g. C in place of CP for capsid protein) dictate different practice. In these instances, abbreviations are defined locally.

    Immunology

    CTL

    cytotoxic T lymphocyte

    CF

    complement fixing

    HLA

    human leukocyte antigen

    IgG, IgM etc.

    immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, etc.

    mAb

    monoclonal antibody

    MHC

    major histocomatibility complex

    NK cell

    natural killer cell

    PBMC

    peripheral blood mononuclear cell

    T cell

    T lymphocyte

    Doses

    EC50

    half maximal effective concentration

    IC50

    half maximal inhibitory concentration

    LD50

    half maximal lethal dose

    TCID50

    half maximal tissue culture infective dose

    Molecular biology

    cDNA

    complementary DNA

    DNAse

    deoxyribonuclease

    ds

    double stranded

    Hel

    helicase

    m7G

    7-methylguanosine (part of the 5′-cap structure of many mRNAs)

    mRNA

    messenger RNA

    Mtr

    methyltransferase

    5′-NTR, 3′-NTR

    5′-nontranslated region, 3′-nontranslated region (use the prime symbol, U+2032)

    NES

    nuclear export signal

    NLS

    nuclear localization signal

    ORF

    open reading frame

    Pol

    polymerase

    Pro

    protease

    RdRP

    RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

    RNAse

    ribonuclease

    ss

    single stranded

    5′-UTR, 3′-UTR

    5′-untranslated region, 3′-untranslated region (use the prime symbol, U+2032)

    Organizations

    ATCC

    American Type Culture Collection

    CDC

    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

    ICTV

    International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses

    MRC

    Medical Research Council (UK)

    NIH

    National Institutes of Health

    WHO

    World Health Organization

    Techniques

    ELISA

    enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

    ELISPOT

    enzyme-linked immunospot assay

    FACS

    fluorescence-activated cell sorting

    FPLC

    fast protein liquid chromatography

    GFP

    green fluorescent protein

    HPLC

    high performance liquid chromatography

    PAGE

    polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

    PCR

    polymerase chain reaction

    RT-PCR

    reverse transcritase-polymerase chain reaction

    RACE

    rapid amplification of cDNA ends

    RFLP

    restriction fragment length polymorphism

    TLC

    thin layer chromatography

    Units

    aa

    amino acid(s)

    bp, kbp

    base pair(s), kilobase pair(s)

    c.f.u.

    colony-forming unit

    D

    diffusion coefficient

    f.f.u.

    focus-forming unit

    h

    hour(s)

    kDa

    kilodalton (~10−21g)

    min

    minutes(s)

    m.o.i.

    multiplicity of infection

    Mr

    relative molar mass

    nt

    nucleotide(s)

    p.f.u.

    plaque-forming unit

    Virology

    AIDS

    Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

    CP

    capsid/coat protein (unless otherwise defined)

    CPE

    cytopathic effect

    DI

    defective interfering

    gRNA

    genomic RNA

    HE

    hemagglutinin-esterase

    HI

    hemagglutination inhibition

    IRES

    internal ribosome entry site

    MP

    movement protein

    N

    nucleoprotein

    NC

    nucleocapsid

    Rep

    replication associated protein

    RF

    replicative form

    RI

    replicative intermediate

    RNP

    ribonucleoprotein

    RT

    reverse transcriptase

    sgRNA

    subgenomic RNA

    (+) strand RNA

    positive strand RNA (mRNA sense)

    (-) strand RNA

    negative strand RNA (non-mRNA sense)

    T (e.g. T3)

    triangulation number

    VPg

    genome-linked protein

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